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FAPESP and the Sustainable Development Goals

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SDG 15 Life on Land

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SDG 15 Life on Land

Decline in prey increases risk of jaguar extinction in Atlantic Forest
SDG 15
Decline in prey increases risk of jaguar extinction in Atlantic Forest

A study indicates that the availability of food for the largest cat in the Americas is a key factor in its presence in conservation areas of the biome, which covers approximately 15% of Brazil.


Soil fertilization with Amazonian dark earth increases tree diameter by up to 88%
SDG 13, SDG 15
Soil fertilization with Amazonian dark earth increases tree diameter by up to 88%

Small amounts of this anthropogenic soil, created by ancient Amazonian populations, have demonstrated a potent effect on the growth of two species of interest for reforestation.


Fires, droughts, and windstorms reduce the diversity of Amazonian vegetation
SDG 13, SDG 15
Fires, droughts, and windstorms reduce the diversity of Amazonian vegetation

A study led by Brazilian researchers shows that species are being replaced by generalists, and there is no trend toward savannization; however, recovered areas are more vulnerable.


Fires, droughts, and windstorms reduce the diversity of Amazonian vegetation
SDG 13, SDG 15
Fires, droughts, and windstorms reduce the diversity of Amazonian vegetation

A study led by Brazilian researchers shows that species are being replaced by generalists, and there is no trend toward savannization; however, recovered areas are more vulnerable.


Although tropical mammals account for most discoveries, studies in temperate regions are more robust
SDG 15
Although tropical mammals account for most discoveries, studies in temperate regions are more robust

A survey of 1,116 new species descriptions published between 1990 and 2025 reveals improved quality, though authors from the Global North use more lines of evidence in their studies.


Although tropical mammals account for most discoveries, studies in temperate regions are more robust
SDG 15
Although tropical mammals account for most discoveries, studies in temperate regions are more robust

A survey of 1,116 new species descriptions published between 1990 and 2025 reveals improved quality, though authors from the Global North use more lines of evidence in their studies.


Diet determines the bacteria present in microbial gardens cultivated by ants
SDG 15
Diet determines the bacteria present in microbial gardens cultivated by ants

Scientists observed that bacterial communities in colonies change depending on the food leafcutter ants offer to their symbiotic fungus. This research may aid in the search for new molecules for biofuels and bioremediation.


Diet determines the bacteria present in microbial gardens cultivated by ants
SDG 15
Diet determines the bacteria present in microbial gardens cultivated by ants

Scientists observed that bacterial communities in colonies change depending on the food leafcutter ants offer to their symbiotic fungus. This research may aid in the search for new molecules for biofuels and bioremediation.


The complete genome of the golden lancehead reveals how genes responsible for venom toxins evolved
SDG 15
The complete genome of the golden lancehead reveals how genes responsible for venom toxins evolved

One of the most complete sequencing projects ever performed on snakes worldwide serves as a reference for all jararaca vipers, which may contribute to new discoveries about toxins and the conservation of the species on Queimada Grande Island in Brazil, where it is critically endangered.


The complete genome of the golden lancehead reveals how genes responsible for venom toxins evolved
SDG 15
The complete genome of the golden lancehead reveals how genes responsible for venom toxins evolved

One of the most complete sequencing projects ever performed on snakes worldwide serves as a reference for all jararaca vipers, which may contribute to new discoveries about toxins and the conservation of the species on Queimada Grande Island in Brazil, where it is critically endangered.


Diversification of termite diets was made possible by genome modifications
SDG 15
Diversification of termite diets was made possible by genome modifications

Study reveals that evolutionary divergence occurred before ecological divergence, enabling these insects to feed on both wood and soil. Future discoveries may be applied to the production of biofuels.


Diversification of termite diets was made possible by genome modifications
SDG 15
Diversification of termite diets was made possible by genome modifications

Study reveals that evolutionary divergence occurred before ecological divergence, enabling these insects to feed on both wood and soil. Future discoveries may be applied to the production of biofuels.


Seabirds ingest large quantities of pollutants, some of which have been banned for decades
SDG 15
Seabirds ingest large quantities of pollutants, some of which have been banned for decades

Analyses of biological material from six migratory and one resident species in Brazil indicate similar concentrations of some persistent organic pollutants (POPs), including DDT and the formicide mirex, even in birds with different feeding habits.


Seabirds ingest large quantities of pollutants, some of which have been banned for decades
SDG 15
Seabirds ingest large quantities of pollutants, some of which have been banned for decades

Analyses of biological material from six migratory and one resident species in Brazil indicate similar concentrations of some persistent organic pollutants (POPs), including DDT and the formicide mirex, even in birds with different feeding habits.


First known lichen in the fossil record helped structure terrestrial ecosystems
SDG 15
First known lichen in the fossil record helped structure terrestrial ecosystems

Study confirms that the symbiosis between fungi and algae that dissolves rocks and was widely distributed across Earth 410 million years ago helped form the first soils.


First known lichen in the fossil record helped structure terrestrial ecosystems
SDG 15
First known lichen in the fossil record helped structure terrestrial ecosystems

Study confirms that the symbiosis between fungi and algae that dissolves rocks and was widely distributed across Earth 410 million years ago helped form the first soils.


Deadly to amphibians, a fungal strain emerged in Brazil and spread around the world
SDG 15
Deadly to amphibians, a fungal strain emerged in Brazil and spread around the world

Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis is responsible for the decline of toad and frog populations across the globe. The origin of the fungal strain was the subject of a study led by researchers at the State University of Campinas.


Second spider-parasitic mite described in Brazil
SDG 15
Second spider-parasitic mite described in Brazil

The parasitic mites were found on juvenile arachnids in the Butantan Institute collection. The larvae of Araneothrombium brasiliensis were collected in Rio de Janeiro. Previously, the genus had only one known species in Costa Rica.


Bromeliads promote plant diversity in the forest by enriching the soil with nutrients
SDG 15
Bromeliads promote plant diversity in the forest by enriching the soil with nutrients

Water accumulated in the tanks of these plants living high up in trees has much higher concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus, calcium, potassium, magnesium, sulfur, and iron than rainwater. Plants irrigated with this nutrient-rich water produced almost twice as many leaves.


Bromeliads promote plant diversity in the forest by enriching the soil with nutrients
SDG 15
Bromeliads promote plant diversity in the forest by enriching the soil with nutrients

Water accumulated in the tanks of these plants living high up in trees has much higher concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus, calcium, potassium, magnesium, sulfur, and iron than rainwater. Plants irrigated with this nutrient-rich water produced almost twice as many leaves.


Parasitic fungus may have emerged 18 million years before the ants with which it lives today
SDG 15
Parasitic fungus may have emerged 18 million years before the ants with which it lives today

Analysis of 309 strains collected in eight countries indicates that the genus Escovopsis emerged 56.9 million years ago, but only began interacting with today’s mutualistic ants 38 million years ago, challenging the theory that they all emerged at the same time.


Parasitic fungus may have emerged 18 million years before the ants with which it lives today
SDG 15
Parasitic fungus may have emerged 18 million years before the ants with which it lives today

Analysis of 309 strains collected in eight countries indicates that the genus Escovopsis emerged 56.9 million years ago, but only began interacting with today’s mutualistic ants 38 million years ago, challenging the theory that they all emerged at the same time.


Data from the largest mapping of microorganisms associated with rupestrian grassland plants have been released
SDG 2, SDG 15
Data from the largest mapping of microorganisms associated with rupestrian grassland plants have been released

A study has identified more than 257,000 species of bacteria and archaea in velozias, which are plants that thrive in extreme environments of drought, heat, and poor soil, such as this mountainous savannah ecoregion. The results could guide conservation initiatives and biotechnological solutions for soil management in arid conditions.


Extinct species of rocket frog described based on a single specimen kept for 62 years
SDG 15
Extinct species of rocket frog described based on a single specimen kept for 62 years

The dried specimen of the amphibian, collected by herpetologist Doris Cochran in 1963 in what is now a residential neighborhood of Curitiba, Brazil, is stored in the collection of the Smithsonian Institution’s National Museum of Natural History in the United States.


Extinct species of rocket frog described based on a single specimen kept for 62 years
SDG 15
Extinct species of rocket frog described based on a single specimen kept for 62 years

The dried specimen of the amphibian, collected by herpetologist Doris Cochran in 1963 in what is now a residential neighborhood of Curitiba, Brazil, is stored in the collection of the Smithsonian Institution’s National Museum of Natural History in the United States.


News about research projects funded by FAPESP and articulated with the SDGs: